The capability to see the other as an intentional actor does not only depend on our mental and linguistic abilities, but is also deeply rooted in the relational character of our interaction with the world. An implicit, pre-reflexive form of mutual understanding is based on a strong sense of identity that connects us. Within our species we share a multitude of emotions, sensations, and states of mind. Through a recently proposed concept, the shared manifold of intersubjectivity, we can recognize the other as identical to ourselves, which makes it possible to assign intentionality and understand intersubjective communication.
The concept of the shared manifold of intersubjectivity is based on a neural structure in which a specific type of neurons is active in both the execution and the observation of an action, emotion, or sensation. These neurons are called 'mirror neurons' (Gallese). This mechanism might constitute a basic organizational principle that enables our rich and varied intersubjective experiences. It may also contribute to our understanding of such important psychological disorders as schizophrenia.
mirror-neurons, intersubjectivity, neurobiological roots of empathy
The tPeP (Journal Person-centered experiential Psychotherapy) is the scientific journal for Dutch and Flemish psychotherapists, psychologists, and psychiatrists, that work from, or are interested in a client-centered perspective.